Clinical profile & outcome of injury patients visited JUMC Emergency

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: In children and adults under the age of 46 years, trauma remains the commonest cause of death. 6 million people died due to injury which accounts for 18% of world’s death which is higher than deaths due to HIV/AIDS, malaria and Tuberculosis combined. In Ethiopia one person is died on the roads every two hours due to RTAs. Methods: A retrospective cross sectional study design was used to assess the clinical pattern & management outcome of injury patients in JUMC ED. Systematic random sampling technique was used for the study. The sample size for the study is 270, which was determined by using single population proportion formula. Data was collected from all eligible charts using a structured data extraction form adapted from similar studies done before. Kobo toolbox app was used to collect data using developed data extraction form online and it was exported into SPSS version 26 for Statistical analysis. Descriptive analysis of the data was reported and presented as tables and figures. Result: The prevalence of injury was 31%. The result show that polytrauma, required intubation and complications are statistically significantly associated with the outcome of trauma than others (with P=0.06 AOR=11,95%CI, 2-64, P=0.016,AOR=11.7,95% CI, 1.5-87 and P= 0.036, AOR=8.5, 95%CI, 1.2- 63.7 respectively ). Conclusion: Among all JUMC ED emergency patients visited, nearly one third (31%) are trauma sustained patients from which majority didn’t get prehospital care and one third discharged from ED. Head, lower extremities and upper extremities are the top anatomic sites of injury and 14.4% sustained polytrauma. Admitted injuries were 44.7% and the overall mortality rate of this study is 3%.