Abstract:
Background
Adverse perinatal outcomes are one of the most common causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Evidences around the world indicates that induction of labor increases adverse neonatal outcomes. It is also associated with postpartum hemorrhage, instrumental delivery, blood transfusion, longer hospital stays and neonatal admission into neonatal intensive care unit.
There has been sparse data that compares the frequency of adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes between induced and spontaneous labor at country level and particularly in study area.
Objectives: To assess feto-maternal outcomes between induced labor versus spontaneous labor among women who gave birth in Jimma medical center.
Methods: Institution based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at JMC from May15 to October, 2023. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select 234, laboring mothers (78 induced and 156 spontaneous labor group). Socio-demographic, obstetrics and newborn and labor and delivery data were collected by standardized structured questioner with kobo toolbox. Data was then exported to SPSS version 27 for cleaning and analysis. Descriptive statistics for categorical variables and summary statistics for continuous variables were used to characterize findings through narration, table and chi-square testes and logistic regressions.
Results: The study found that adverse fetal outcomes like admission to NICU was statistically higher in induced labor (23.1% vs13.5%) with AOR=3.029 (95% CI:0.1,5.05) and cesarean delivery (48.7% vs 29.5%) with p=0.001 and PPH (p=0.027) following delivery in induced labor groups.
Recommendations: Since, adverse perinatal outcomes and maternal complications were found be higher among women who gave birth through induction, quality antepartum care in risky pregnancies and vigilant intrapartum follow up is very important to halt complications related with induced labor.
