Out Come And Prognostic Factors In Cervical Cancer Patients Treated At Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background Cervical cancer is a global public health problem, particularly with high burden in many low-income countries (LICs). About 85% of the cases and 88% of the deaths due to cervical cancer occurred in developing countries. Women diagnosed with early invasive cervical cancer can usually be cured with effective treatment. Prognosis after treatment depends on the stage of the cancer. With treatment, 80-90% of women with stage I cancer and 60-75% of those with stage II cancer are a live 5 years after diagnosis. Survival rates decrease to 30-40% for women with stage III cancer and 15% or fewer of those with stage IV cancer five years after diagnosis. Methods: Institutional based retrospective study design was conducted by reviewing 175 medical records of histologically proven cervical cancer patients who started treatment for cervical cancer for two years (September 2021 to September 2023) at Jimma University Medical Center. Data was collected electronically using a kobo collects by structured questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Frequencies and summary statistics were used to describe the study population in relation to relevant variables. Kaplan-Meier life table analysis and the log–rank test were used to assess the survival rate and differences according to the prognostic factors. Multivariable analysis of the prognostic factors for treatment outcomes was done using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Result: There were 284 patients sent to oncology unit within these two years, and 175 charts which full fill the criterion was analyzed, representing 61.6%. Mean age of respondents was 49 years (SD±9.3). As primary treatment 13 patients underwent surgery, 20 patients treated by radiotherapy only and 122 took chemotherapy concurrently with radiotherapy. Six patients from those underwent surgery, took adjuvant chemo-radiation due to presence of risk factors. Overall survival for all patients was 85.4% and progression free survival (PFS) is 73.7% in these two years. International federation of obstetrics and gynecology (FIGO) clinical stage and hemoglobin level<10g/dl remained significant (p<0.04 and 0.02) respectively. Conclusion: Overall survivals of our respondents were comparable to different study. Generally, our study shows advanced stage and low hemoglobin are the most significant to determine the survival.