Adsorptive Removal of Dyes from Waste Water Using Activated Bio char derived From Solid Food Waste

Abstract

Dyes are extensively used to color various products in many industries. These can be lost as effluent to the aquatic environment. The waste water Loaded with toxic dyes is not acceptable to environmental regulations and exhibit to humans, aquatic organisms, and the environment in general. Based on this idea, focusing environmental issue and economic point of view, the use of low cost and eco-friendly food wastes were investigated for the removal of MB dye from waste water. In this study, the usage of food wastes like Injera, peels of potatoes, onions, and garlic adsorbents (acid activated biochar) for the removal of MB dye from the aqueous solution were investigated. Some physicochemical properties of the adsorbents such as porous characteristics, surface area, surface functional group and point of zero charge were determined. The batch adsorption studies of methylene blue were carried out by Injera, peels of onion, garlic, and potatoes wastes independently. The optimum removing efficiencies of potato, garlic and onion peels activated biochars were known to be 99.213% at optimum (initial concentration of 10 mg/L, temperature of 313 K, pH of 10 of mass of 0.5 g and time of 180 minutes), 99.833% at optimum (initial concentration of 10 mg/L, temperature of 313 K, pH of 7 of mass of 0.1 g and time of 30 minutes), and 99.994% at optimum (initial concentration of 10 mg/L, temperature of 343 K, pH of 4 of mass of 0.4 g and time of 20 minutes) respectively. The modeling studies revealed that the studied process obeys the pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model. Finally, the determination of thermodynamic parameters indicated the exothermic and spontaneous type of the removal process of MB onto all activated biochars prepared.