Musa Acuminate Peel Extract Mediated Synthesis of Nio And Ag-Nio Nanomaterial’s and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities

Abstract

Microbial infections are considered as a serious issue in human health worldwide. On the other hand, Free radicals can cause damage to parts of cells such as proteins, DNA, and cell membranes. The advancement of nanotechnology based on bio-synthesis of medicinal plant supported nanoparticles has improved therapeutic capacity of NiO and Ag-NiO nanomaterials. The aim of this study was to synthesize NiO and Ag-NiO nanomaterials using Musa acuminate extract for their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The nanomaterials were synthesized by reducing Ni(NO3)2.6H2O and AgNO3 solution with Musa acuminate peel extract. The study was developed by optimizing parameters like concentration of precursor, amount of Musa acuminate peel extract, temperature, time, and pH. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by UV-Vis, FT-IR spectroscopic techniques, Powder XRD, and SEM analysis. The UV-Vis analysis showed a red shift as silver doped indicating a decrease in the optical bandgap values. FT-IR characterization confirms the presence of various functional groups present in the samples. From the XRD data, crystalline sizes of the formed NiO and Ag-NiO nanomaterials were obtained and to be 11.89 and 13.27 nm respectively. SEM showed that most of the particles were spherical in shape. The synthesized NiO and Ag-NiO nanomaterials were tested for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogen. Antioxidant activity was tested using DPPH assays at different concentrations of test samples and ascorbic acid was used as standard. NiO and Ag-NiO nanomaterials showed highested antibacterial activities against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus than Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli. From antioxidant test, NiO and Ag-NiO nanomaterials prevented the oxidation of 50% of the DPPH at a concentration of 21.50 μg/mL and 19.74 μg/mL respectively. Generally, the synthesized nanomaterials showed good antibacterial and antioxidant activities.