Suspension of Long Distance Race from Diamond League: Is It Fair For Africa

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate a review of existing evidence on the Diamond League, focusing on the suspension of long-distance races and its potential impact on African athletes. Mixed research design and purposive sampling was used in this investigation. A total of 30 stakeholders and 4 years existing evidence in world champions league a total of 200 countries and existing evidence on diamond league a total of 240 Athletes were recruited for the study. And including a literature review, interviews with key stakeholders. Data that were collected from the existing evidence was analyzed by SPSS version 26.0 software. Statistically, it was analyzed by using descriptive statistics cross tabulation sample dependent Chi-Square Tests which are a statistical test used to determine if there is a significant association between categorical variable Pearson Chi-Square: The value of the Pearson Chi-Square statistic is 27.731 with 6 degrees of freedom. The associated p-value is .000, which indicates that there is a significant association between the variables. Likelihood Ratio: The Likelihood Ratio statistic is 30.159 with 6 degrees of freedom, and the p-value is .000. Like the Pearson Chi-Square test, this test also indicates a significant association between the variables. Linear-by-Linear Association the Linear-by-Linear Association statistic is 7.473 with 1 degree of freedom, and the p-value is .006. This result suggests that there is a significant linear association between the two ordinal variables. Expected Count: The note "6 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .33" indicates that in some cells of the contingency table, the expected counts are low, which can affect the reliability of the Chi-Square test results. When expected counts are less than 5 in more than 20% of cells, it can compromise the validity of the Chi-Square test. In summary, the results of all three Chi-Square tests (Pearson, Likelihood Ratio, and Linear-by-Linear Association) indicate a significant association between the categorical variables being analyzed