Abstract:
Hydrazine is highly toxic and widely used in chemical industry which causes
environmental pollution and even has negative impact to human health. The main
objective of the study was to synthesize S-g-C3N4/ZnO for electrochemical detection of
hydrazine. Developing of novel environmentally friendly, cost effective and efficient
material for electrochemical detection of hydrazine of great interest. The S-g-C3N4/ZnO
was prepared via sol gel- polymerization method. The synthesized material was
characterized by techniques such as XRD is primarily used to determine the crystal
structure of materials, FTIR is a widely used analytical technique that provides valuable
information about the chemical composition of materials and SEM is used to analyze
and compare the morphology and structural features analysis were evaluated. The
proposed composite material combines the unique properties of S- g-C3N4 and ZnO to
enhance the electrochemical performance for hydrazine detection. ZnO, known for its
excellent electrochemical properties and stability, further enhances the detection
sensitivity of the composite. The electrochemical performance of the modified electrodes
(S-g-C3N4/GCE, ZnO/GCE, and S-g-C3N4/ZnO/GCE) was evaluated for HZ detection,
comparing it to a bare GCE. Optimization of electrochemical parameters was performed
to enhance sensitivity. Results demonstrate that the S-g-C3N4/ZnO nanocomposite
significantly improved the electrochemical detection of HZ, exhibiting enhanced
sensitivity and selectivity compared to individual S-g-C3N4, ZnO, or the bare GCE. This
improvement is attributed to the synergistic effect of sulfur doping and the composite
formation, which increased the surface area, facilitated electron transfer, and provided
more active sites, using linear-sweep voltammetry (LSV) and showed a relatively low
detection limit 0.083 µM (3σ/m) with a linear range of 0.270 µM to 200 µM and good
sensitivity. Overall, S-g-C3N4/ZnO is a suitable material for the metal-free and low-cost
detection of HZ and may be a robust sensing platform with great potential for other
sensor developments.
