Abstract:
Maize plays a key role in household food security in southwestern Ethiopia, but its benefits have been
negated by high post-harvest losses. Previous loss assessment and management studies have focused
mainly on quantity losses. This study was therefore designed to assess nutritional quality losses of stored
maize along the supply chain in Jimma Zone, southwestern Ethiopia. Three districts representing potential maize producers and different agro-ecological regimes for maize production were selected for
analyses. Sample collection started at harvest and continued for six months at two-month intervals from
21 selected actors along the supply chain. The experiment was conducted for two seasons, and a total of
72 samples were collected during each season. Both nutritional and anti-nutritional analyses were
carried out following the international standards of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Data
were analysed using SAS software (version 9.2) using a general linear model (GLM). The result revealed
that moisture content significantly decreases (P < 0.05) as storage duration increases under different
actors and agro-ecological conditions. But, showed increment during the final months under farmers'
storage conditions. In addition, moisture content at the loading stage was not optimal for safe storage.
Crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrate, and calorific value content significantly decreased (P < 0.05) as
the storage duration increased, but fibre, ash, and major mineral (Ca, Zn, and Fe) content increased
significantly over the storage period. Phytate and tannin content varied with storage duration and agroecological setting. Storing maize under traditional conditions along the supply chain resulted in substantial quality losses. This has great implications for nutrition insecurity and unrecognized undernourishment in the society. Additionally, substantial increases in fibre content above the optimum have
important effects on nutrient absorption. There is thus a need to develop and disseminate appropriate
storage technologies that minimize quality loss in maize stores.
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