Abstract:
Background: Hypertension is an elevated of systolic blood pressure greater than 140 mm
Hg and a diastolic blood pressure greater than 90 mmHg. Uncontrolled hypertension can occur
due to non-adherence to medication or dietary regimen. Despite the availability of effective
pharmacological treatments, the global rate of uncontrolled blood pressure remains high,
because several factors hinder hypertensive patients’ adherence.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess predictors of adherence to antihypertensive
medication among hypertensive adults on follow up in Fiche Hospital.
Method: Hospitalbased unmatched case control study was conducted in Fiche Hospital
which is found in North Shoa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, from March 01-26, 2018. We
used a pretested structure questionnaire through face to face interview. Cases were those
hypertensive patients who score ≥ 80% points of the Morisky medication adherence scale
and controls were hypertensive patients who score < 80% points of the Morisky medication
adherence scale. Consecutive sampling method was employed. Datawas entered into Epi
Data entry version 3.1software and exported to SPSS version 20, software for description
and analyze.Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to see the association between
independent and dependent variables. Those candidate variables in bivariate analysis were
entered to multivariable logistic regression. Finally identified predictor of adherence at
P<0.05 with AOR and 95% CI
Result: A sample of 318 respondents, 157 case and 161 controls with response rate of 95%
and 98% respectively were participated in the study. The mean age for cases was 55 (SD
11.55) years and 54.9 (SD 12.65) for control group. Factors significantly associated with
adherence were not having co-morbidity (AOR =3.53, 95% CI: 2.05-6.09), knowledge about
hypertension and treatment (AOR= 3.96; 95% CI: 2.08-7.14), Attitude towards hypertension
disease and treatment (AOR= 3.89; 95% CI: 2.1-7.0), patient provide communication
(AOR= 2; 95%CI: 1.8-3.7).
Conclusion: predictors of adherence to antihypertensive medication were knowledge about
hypertension treatment, Attitude towards hypertension, patient provide communication and
co-morbidity. Therefor the Hospital should arrange educational program on hypertension
disease and its treatment, attitude about hypertension, on other co morbidity and follow its
implementation
