Abstract:
Back ground:-Trauma to the facial region can result in fracture to major
skeletal components of face including the Mandible, Maxilla, Zygoma and
Nasal bone structures. The major cause of maxillofacial trauma includes
motor vehicle accident, falls, interpersonal violence, sport related
accidents, and work related accidents.
Objective:- The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and cause
of maxillofacial bone fracture at Jimma university specialized hospital
dental clinic from January 1 to December 31 2012.
Method:- A retrospective study was conducted on 183 patient’s card to
investigate the cause and prevalence of maxillofacial bone fracture using
Systemic random sampling technique by recording all complain of
maxillofacial bone fracture from January 1 to December 31 2012,then
the interval was determined by using N/n formula which was 4.the first
medical chart was selected by lottery method then by adding the interval
number to the first medical chart a total of 183 chart was reviewed. the
data was collected by three trained dental interns who work in dental
clinic of JUSH using structured questionnaire from cards of previously
examined patient's. The data was cleared, code and analyzed manually.
At the end result of this study was present by statement, figures and
tables.
Result:- Most traumas occurred in adults with age range from 21-30
years old. Males were more affected than females. Assault (fighting) was
the major cause for maxillofacial trauma. The commonly affected bone
was the mandible. Most of the cases were with one fracture line and
closed reduction was the most common treatment modality for the
patients who visited JUSH Dental clinic from January 1 to December 31,
2012.Conclusion: There were a relationship between the prevalence of
maxillofacial bone fracture and age and sex of patient's who visited
JUSH, dental clinic from January 1 to December 31, 2012.
Recommendation: Maxillofacial trauma may cause serious cosmetic
and functional deformities so early reduction, stabilization of fractures,
as well as bone or soft tissue grafting is necessary
