Effects of machine crushed animal bones as partial replacement of coarse aggregates in concrete

Abstract

The demand of natural coarse aggregates in the construction industry has been increased while at the same time the generated wastes from different areas are increasing substantially. Various researches aiming to produce concrete from manufactured or aggregates from industrial or agricultural by-products, is gradually becoming very popular. This is due to the fact that industrial and agricultural wastes are being re-used thereby ensuring the environmental degradation arising from the production of these waste products is curtailed to the barest minimum. It is very essential to protect the natural coarse aggregates for further generation. To fulfill the demand of such naturally occurring materials, various substitutes are used. In the present study, an attempt has made on the suitability of the machine crushed animal bones as partial or full replacement for crushed coarse aggregates in concrete works. The study has been carried out at 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% replacement levels of crushed coarse aggregate(CCA) by crushed animal bone (CAB) aggregate by weight and a comparative study has been done between normal concrete and crushed animal bone (CAB) concrete. To achieve the objectives of this study aggregate test were carried out in accordance with the appropriate ASTM standards. Physical and mechanical properties of machine crushed animal bones and locally available crushed coarse aggregate have been determined and compared. An auxiliary test like compression was also made on cubes for C-25 grade concrete and curing for 7days and 28 days. The result showed that both the crushed coarse aggregate and crushed animal bone aggregate were within the acceptable limit of ASTM C-33 and ASTM C-330 standards. And the Compressive strength tests showed that approximately 10% of the crushed animal bones in replacement for crushed coarse aggregate were quite satisfactory with no compromise in compressive strength.