Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world. It is also the commonest cancer affecting women with also highest cancer related death rate. However due to the poor cancer registry in developing countries ...

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is defined as a hemoglobin (Hb) concentration of less than 11gram (gm)/deciliter (dl) in venous blood. Globally it affects 1.62 billion people. According to World Health Organization (WHO) ...

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of a metabolic disorder causing chronic hyperglycemia which leads to long term damage to the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular complications remain asymptomatic and an important ...

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is one of the leading endocrine disorders and represents around 30% to 40% of patients with an endocrine disorder. Thyroid hormones have a crucial role in the proliferation, production ...

Background: Measuring blood pressure (BP) is a simple procedure to screen individuals with elevated BP. However, the concept of measuring BP in both arms to detect an inter-arm BP difference, which prevents misdiagnosis ...

Background: Clinical laboratories approve the validity of the analysis process according to quality control procedures for each Clinical chemistry parameters. The sigma Metrics offer an objective tool to inspect and ...

Background: Vascular dysfunction caused by metabolic abnormalities in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and increased risk of ...

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder caused by deficiency of insulin, which affects functions of the brain, kidneys, vision and other organs. Cognitive impairment is the major public health problem ...

Background: Raised inter arm blood pressure difference has been linked to cardiovascular disease and its risk factors. Hypertension is the major cause of cardiovascular mortality worldwide. In clinical practice, one-arm ...

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with depression, anxiety and stress which are the commonest under treated disorders resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. None of the previous ...