Improving transport protocol for reliable data transfer in Wireless sensor network

Abstract

Wireless sensor network is an infrastructure contained of sensing (measuring), computing, and communication elements having capability of self-organizing, lightweight sensor nodes that are used to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions. This network become an essential technology that applied in many applications areas such as in military, agricultural, health care, and many other areas. This thesis addresses the problem of reliable data transfer in wireless sensor network. In such networks, the principal challenge in the design of transport protocol is that the sensor’s node deployed in harsh environment, due to harsh limitations on the nodes’ hardware and power resources. There are also challenges in time sensitive applications for providing a reliable data delivery, such as unique network topology, diverse applications, small message size, resource constraints, frequent node failure, and congestion. The main objective of this thesis is to improve reliable data transport protocol for wireless sensor network. In order to achieve data reliability of packet by detecting and recovering lost packet, by making survey on existing reliable data transport protocols, approaches and identified Reliable Multi-Segment Transport Protocol (RMST) an optimal protocol for reliability and make a survey on queue theory. The novel approach is to develop hybrid Explicit Acknowledgments(EACK) and Negative Acknowledgments (NACK) based loss detection and recovery mechanism to grant reliability and introduce a novel queue management approach to avoid congestion in multi hop communication. Finally, new approach was tested, and evaluated with different metrics on Tinyos 2.1.x, with Five, Ten Micaz mote, meyer-heavy.txt full noisy file, in 50, 100 ms, and TOSSIM simulator on system application. In addition to system application, developed health care application in order to monitoring of patients biological states specifically on ECG and can generate early warnings if received signals turn from predefined personalized ranges. From the analysis result, the Energy Efficient Reliable MultiSegment Transport Protocol (EERMST) end-to-end delay is 0:0: 0.00248333625 ms and NACK based RMST is 0:0: 0.0057716035 ms. The delivery ratio of ACK is somewhat closer with EERMST but has more packet delay. Generally, the EERMST has less end-to-ends delay and link delay than RMST protocol.