Dynamics of interplanetary magnetic field in space weather

Abstract

The interaction of the solar wind magnetic field with the Earth’s magnetosphere has a great effect on the near-Earth space environment. This space weather interaction further affects human life activities and life on earth. So today, there has been growing interest in solar-terrestrial studies as a result of the availability of satellite observations of space, particularly in the near Earth environment. However, as recent literature reviews show that though there is an overall progress in the observational works the theories that fit the observations lack correlation and need further works. One of the key points contributing to the difficulty of theoretical work is exploiting the full Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations. If there is any, most works assume the collision-free system with simplify boundary conditions. Motivated by this scientific background, we did study the solar wind - earth’s magnetosphere interactions by working on the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations by setting simplifying boundary equations where both collision and collisionless fluid system is considered in plasma state(cold and hot). The results we derived here is in conformity to conclude the existing models indeed work at large but has limitations to include very fine local effects like magnetic storms and the observed relativistic particle anomalies in ionosphere. Additionally, we come to the conclusion that there is a need of advanced computational works to extract more accurate data from the full MHD equations.