The Study Of Nuclear Ground State Energy Per Nucleon As A Function Of Atomic Mass (A) In The Range Between A = 10 And A = 20.

Abstract

In this work the binding energy per nucleon of isotopes with nucleon number less or equal to twenty, i.e for those isotopes which lie inside or near to the second closed shell has been calculated. The objectives of the calculation were to check the behavior of binding energy per nucleon near stable nuclei and to find a mechanism on how the binding energy per nucleon calculation could be used to predict the nuclear stability for other isotopes. In the calculation the method of liquid drop model and BeteWeiszaker formula has been employed. By putting the values for each parameter in the formula the binding energy pernucleon for 100 isotopes has been calculated. The method was validated by comparing the calculated values with experimental values in literature for some of the isotopes at the beginning of the calculation. The method was acceptable with an error below 10%. The result of the calculation were presented in tables and graphs. From the result we have seen that if an isotope is containing even proton and even neutron numbers it has higher binding energy per nucleon than its neighboring isotopes and if it contains odd number of protons and odd number of neutrons then it has lower binding energy per nucleon compared to its neighbors. If an isotone is containing nucleon numbers such that the absolute of neutron excess attains its minimum then the isotope has larger value of binding energy per nucleon than the other. If the symmetric term is increasing the binding energy per nucleon decreases if the symmetric term is decreasing the binding energy per nucleon increases in the isotones. This is because of the cumulative effect of nucleon symmetricity and the coulomb repulsion. Generally compared with data from literature those isotopes with higher value of binding per nucleon are better stable than those having lower values.