Mortality and associated factors among patients hospitalized with heart failure at jimma university medical centre, jimma, Ethiopia

Abstract

Back ground: The global burden of disease due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is escalating. This is mainly observed in the developing countries which are experiencing rapid health transition. Heart failure is among these CVDs contributing to 3–7% of hospital admission rate in Africa. Hospitalization for heart failure is a high-risk event for patients, with death or significant adverse consequences as a common occurrence. Hospital case fatality among those with heart failure in Africa ranges from 9% to 12.5%. Integrated approach among clinicians to identify those who are at high risk and implementing specific treatment strategies is of great importance for a better outcome. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess mortality rate and associated factors among hospitalized heart failure patients at JUMC from September 11, 2016 to September 10, 2017. Method: A Hospital based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted. 252 Patients admitted with heart failure during the study period, who full fill the criteria, were sampled and enrolled in to the study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants by using their medical registration number as the sampling frame. Data were collected using pretested questionnaire. The collected data were entered into Epidata software and exported to SPSS version 20 for cleaning and analysis. Reports are presented using percentages and frequency. To identify independent associated factors of mortality, binary logistic regression model was used. Adjusted and crude odds ratio with 95% CI was used. P-value less than 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Result: The prevalence of in-hospital mortality was found to be 21.29%. Cardiogenic shock AOR: 0.016 (95% CI: 0.001-0.267), complication at admission AOR: 5.25 (95% CI: 1.28- 21.6) and ejection fraction(<30) AOR: 0.112(95% CI: 0.022-0.562) were found to be significantly associated factors. Conclusion & Recommendation: The in-hospital mortality rate among admitted heart failure patients is unacceptably high. Due emphasis should be given on identified associated factors to reduce the mortality