Determinants of cardiovascular disease complications among hypertensive patients: at Jimma University teaching hospital

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases complications are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels. Globally an estimated 17.9 million peoples were died from cardiovascular disease. This covers 31% of all global deaths, which three quarters of are take place in developing countries. Hypertension is the major cause for increasing cardiovascular disease complications. It’s influence is high with additional risk factors. The aim of this study is to determine the major risk factors of Cardiovascular disease complications among hypertensive patients at Jimma University Teaching Hospital. Method: Retrospective cohort type study was conducted to hypertensive patients in Jimma University Teaching Hospital, 2017. Using total of 343 hypertensive patients, who fulfilled all inclusion criteria, semi-parametric and several parametric survival models were applied to analyze the determinants of cardiovascular disease complications. By assessing the overall goodness of fitted models, log-logistic accelerated failure time model which can fit the data well and had smallest akaike information criterion value were selected as the appropriate fit model. Result: About 40.23% of hypertensive patients were experienced cardiovascular disease complications with minimum, maximum and median time of 2, 35 and 28 months respectively. According to result from the chosen log-logistic model, potential subsets of covariates; age, residence place, proteinuria, systolic, diastolic and combination of both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significant prognostic covariates for cardiovascular disease complications of hypertensive patients. Conclusion: Log-logistic acceleration failure time model were chosen for determinants of cardiovascular disease complications among hypertensive patients at Jimma University Teaching Hospital, 2017. More than 50% of hypertensive patients were from urban, had diabetes mellitus, proteinuria and hyperlipidemia. Of these additional risk factors, proteinuria and urban residence place had greatest impact on cardiovascular disease complications, through shortening the expected time.