The Effect Of Active Galactic Nuclei On Particle Motion And Evolution Of Host Galaxies

Abstract

Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) are amongst important astrophysical systems used in astrophysical studies that require diverse areas of physics entertaining from quantum field to gravitation. Its interaction with its environment involves relativistic effects and geometry that arises from spin, charge and strong gravity. Research in the field is very fresh and active. Thus, in this thesis we studied the interaction of AGNs on the motion of particles, accretion process and feedback effects of on their surrounding environment including the host galaxies and beyond. Methodologically, General relativity (GR) electromagnetic field equations have used with Kerr-Newman metric to include spin and charge of the underlying Super-massive Black Holes (SMBHs). From the field equations, we developed particle orbit equations using the Euler-Lagrange equations where the invariant geodesic line element has used for the exteriorization purpose. Then, constants of motion and important orbit determining quantities like the effective potential have derived. The potential has used in characterizing the orbits were the results have addressed with plots and analytically. In the case of accretion, process the Eddington luminosity limit has used to quantify the effect of AGNs in the energy conversion at their horizons. As the analytical result indicates, the main source of energy release from the AGNs is nuclear fusion of the accreted matter. However, we comment that the dissipation during radiative transfer in the host galaxy expected to decrease the theoretical value, where we have also addressed the effects in the radiative transfer. Finally, our results indicate that the AGNs have both geometrical and gravity effects that arise from gravity, spin and charge.