Evaluation of the Effect of Lepidium sativum L. Seed Extract on Lipid Profile, Liver Function Tests and Liver Histopathology of Male Swiss Albino Mice Fed on Deep Fried Palm Oil Diet

Abstract

Background: Deep frying involves immersing food completely in hot oil with contact among oil, air and food moisture at a temperature of 150 to 200 . It is not only limited to homes, but also practiced highly among street food vendors, and restaurants. However, most people often keep and reuse the oil since deep frying process requires a high amount of oils. Reused fried palm oil has been shown to affect lipid profile, liver function tests and liver histopathology. Therefore, the current study was aimed to investigate the effect of Lepidium sativum L. seed extract on the lipid profile, liver function tests and liver histopathology of male Swiss albino mice fed deep-fried palm oil diet. Methods: The random posttest only control group experimental design was performed. Twenty four male Swiss albino mice of age 8 to 10 weeks and weight 32–42 g were divided into four groups. Group I was fed on normal basal diet and distilled water. Group II was fed the deep fried palm oil diet and distilled water. Group III and IV were fed deep fried palm oil diet and LSSE at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day, respectively for 28 days. Then on 29th day, the mice were fasted overnight, anesthetizing with diethyl ether, 2-2.5 ml of the blood was taken by cardiac puncture and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood was used for lipid profile and liver function tests while liver tissues were taken for histopathology investigation. Qualitative analysis were carried out by Senior Pathologist for each group and presented in the form of photomicrography. The quantitative data were entered to the epi-data version 3.1 and SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis. ( were considered to be statistically significant. Results: The serum lipid profile TC, and LDL was decreased significantly ( while the HDL increased significantly ( in group IV. However, the serum TG levels showed a significant decrement in both group III and IV. The serum ALT and total bilirubin showed significant (p decrement whereas the serum albumin levels showed significant ( increment in group IV. However, the serum AST and ALP level was decreased significantly ( in both group III and IV. The group IV at 400mg/kg/day liver section of mice showed better effect of LSSE on restoring liver histopathology towards normal. Conclusion: The present study result revealed that the LSSE were effective on the lipid profile and liver function that altered by feeding deep fried palm oil diet