Removal Of Excess Free Fatty Acid From Edible Oil Using Betaine Based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents And Oil’s Effect Analysis

Abstract

In the oil refining industry one of many steps is deacidification which aims to separate free fatty acids and other components from edible oils.But this process has been implemented using steam stripping which causes the loss of edible oil natural antioxidants due to high temperature.The liquid-liquid extraction technique which carried out at lower temperature is preferable in order to prevent the loss of nutritious components and saves energy.Using a green solvent called natural deep eutectic solvent(NADE) such problem can be avoided.This is because the extraction is done in much lower temperature in addition of being green technology.NADE are formed by combining two or more hydrogen bond donor and acceptor compounds resulting a third component which have lower melting point than the individual compounds.The present work reports mainly on the influences of process variable variation on extraction yield by using NADE solvent composed of betaine as hydrogen bond acceptor and 1,2 propanediol as hydrogen bond donor.Response surface methodology was used to analyze the effect of four major process variables(Temperature, Time, Mixing rate and Mixing ratio) and by using process optimization an improved free fatty acids(FFAs) extraction yield of 49.3% were obtained at approximated value of 56 OC, 3hr,434rpm and 1:3 ratio(oil to NADE).In addition to the major work, health related work on the effect of saturated fatty acid rich oils on humans were also analyzed using Bahir Dar university medical students with long stay in the school compound and the accusation on the negative health effect of saturated fatty acid rich edible oils on human health have been disproven by pocket size blood sample collection and lipid profile laboratory and statistical analysis