Design and Analysis of Slotted Ground Plane and Slotted Patch Microstrip Antenna Arrays for Wireless Communications

Abstract

Micro strip patch antennas are playing an important role in wireless communication systems because of their many advantages, like light weight, low profile, low cost, easy integration with planar structures, and easy fabrication. So, it is very essential to know all the aspects of micro strip antennas. The main objective of this thesis is to discuss the design and analysis issues of slotted ground plane and slotted patch micro strip array antennas. The design issues include single element antenna dimensions, feeding techniques, and antenna arrays, whereas the analysis issues include return loss, bandwidth, directivity, and radiation pattern of slotted microstrip patch array antennas. In this thesis, a slotted rectangular patch antenna and an array antenna for wireless communication have been proposed. By developing wide bandwidth characteristics, long ranges of data transfer are covered with better quality of signal transmission in the communication system. The creation of slots in both patch and ground plane structures has influenced the frequency bandwidth. The design, analysis, and optimization of the proposed work along with parametric analysis were performed using CST Microwave Studio 2019. A slotted micro strip patch antenna has been designed at a millimeter wave for consistent radiation patterns and higher gain at operating frequency. A Rogers RT/Duriod-5880 substrate has been employed in this work with a dielectric constant value of 2.2, a thickness value of 0.254 mm, and a loss tangent value of 0.0009. The proposed single-element slotted rectangular patch antenna has achieved a wider bandwidth which is 23.858 GHz with a return loss of-46.294dB at the center frequency of 28.001 GHz, a VSWR of 1.009 at 28.001 GHz, and a maximum gain of 7.27 dBi with high directivity of 7.65 dBi at 28.001 GHz, and a 4x1 slotted array antenna has achieved high gain and directivity which is 12.9 dBi and 13.9 dBi at the center frequency of 28.222 GHz. The single slotted antenna results of this work were shown to be useful in fulfilling the requirements of wider bandwidth, and slotted 4x1 antenna arrays offer higher gain and directivity for wireless communications.