Abstract:
Around 2.7 billion people across the world consume solid biomass fuel for heating, cooking, and
other daily energy demands. In developing countries, biomass fuels are mainly burned in open
fields as waste materials. Some are used by traditional stoves, resulting in less energy efficiency
and causing environmental air pollution, which leads to climate change. In Ethiopia, most of the
available improved stoves were designed by considering only wood fuel, which is not suitable for
using biomass like coffee husks and rice husks. The developed husk biomass cook stove is
suitable for using such types of biomass. This research work aims to design and develop, CFD
modeling, and prototype testing of husk biomass stove for cooking purposes. The husk biomass
cook stove model was designed using CATIA V5R20 and imported to ANSYS 19.2 using CFD
fluent for prediction of its performance. The water boiling test (WBT) and emission tests were
conducted for stove evaluation. The experimental performance was evaluated and analyzed by
the water boiling test version 4.2.3 spreadsheet using two pots with different sizes for coffee husk
and rice husk biomass. The WBT experimental results indicate that the average thermal
efficiency and time to boil water using coffee husk biomass and a 3.5-liter pot were 29% and 7.7
minutes, respectively, during the hot start phase. Using the rice husk biomass and a 3.5-liter pot,
the average thermal efficiency and time to boil water were 28% and 8.4 minutes, respectively,
during the hot start phase. The emission test results showed that the average CO emission was
229 ppm for the cold start phase, 220 ppm for the hot start phase, and 235 ppm for the
simmering phase by using rice husk biomass. When coffee husk biomass was used, the average
CO emission was 254 ppm during the cold start phase, 240 ppm during the hot start phase, and
262 ppm during the simmering phase. The international workshop agreement principle was
conducted to classify the performance of the stove accordingly and the result indicates that the
average indoor CO emissions were 0.186 g/min and 0.274 g/min using rice husk and coffee husk
biomass, respectively. The relative error between the CFD and experimental results is 3.33 %.
Finally, the total selling price of the fabricated husk biomass cook stove is 350 ETB
