Abstract:
Background Kidneys are vital organs that play a vital role in maintaining an optimum internal
environment. This normal kidney function can be altered by physical injury or disease.
Currently, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing major health problem worldwide. In
2017, it was ranked as the 12 th leading cause of death and is expected to rise to the 5 th ranked
cause of death by 2040. Therefore, early detection, understanding of patients' awareness and
treatment of CKD are required to hold the problem. However, despite its higher prevalence of
hospitalized morbidity and mortality, little is known about the magnitude and risk factor of CKD
in Ethiopian hospitalized patients, especially in the study area. Hence this study aims to
determine the magnitude, awareness, and associated factors of CKD.
Objective: To determine the magnitude, patient awareness, and associated factors of CKD
among medical ward admitted adult patients in Wolkite University specialized teaching hospital
(WKUSTH) from November 15, 2021 to February 28, 2022.
Method: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 15, 2021 to
February 28, 2022 at WKUSTH . 345 medical ward admitted patients were selected by a convenient
sampling technique. Creatinine and urea were measured using cobas311 chemistry analyzer and
estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using Modification of Diet in Renal
Disease (MDRD) formula. CKD was defined as eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73m 2 . Socio-demographic,
clinical, and patient awareness data were collected by using a pretested questionnaire. To
determine associated factors, bivariate and multivariable analysis was conducted.
Results: Of the total 345 study participants, 51.01% were males and the mean age was 51.64 ±
17.73 years and 54 (15.7%) (95% CI: 11.6%–19.4%) of them had CKD. Only 91(26.38%) of
them had good knowledge about CKD. In multivariable analysis, older age (AOR 3.87, 95% CI;
1.56, 9.60), hypertension (AOR 8.38, 95% CI; 3.60, 19.51), DM (AOR 5.94, 95% CI; 2.17,
16.27), high BMI (AOR 4.20, 95% CI; 1.74, 10.12), and proteinuria (AOR 2.82, 95% CI; 1.17,
6.79) were independently associated with CKD.
Conclusions The magnitude of CKD among adult patients admitted to a medical ward of
WKUSTH was high and Patients have low level of knowledge about CKD. Patient education,
early detection of CKD, might help to prevent complications.
