A Review of Hybrid Process Development Based on Electrochemical and Advanced Oxidation Processes for the Treatment of Industrial Wastewater

Abstract

Nowadays, increased human activity, industrialization, and urbanization result in the production of enormous quantities of wastewater. Generally, physicochemical and biological methods are employed to treat industrial e uent and wastewater and have demonstrated high e cacy in removing pollutants. However, some industrial e uent and wastewater contain contaminants that are extremely di cult to remove using standard physicochemical and biological processes. Previously, electrochemical and hybrid advanced oxidation processes (AOP) were considered a viable and promising alternative for achieving an adequate e uent treatment strategy in such instances. ese processes rely on the production of hydroxyl radicals, which are highly reactive oxidants that e ciently break down contaminants found in wastewater and industrial e uent. is review focuses on the removal of contaminants from industrial e uents and wastewater through the integration of electrochemical and advanced oxidation techniques. ese processes include electrooxidation, electrocoagulation/electro occulation, electro otation, photo-Fenton, ozone-photo-Fenton, sono-photo-Fenton, photo-electro-Fenton, ozone/electrocoagulation, sono-electrocoagulation, and peroxi/ photo/electrocoagulation. e data acquired from over 150 published articles, most of which were laboratory experiments, demonstrated that the hybrid process is more e ective in removing contaminants from industrial e uent and wastewater than standalone processes.