Abstract:
In this study, a variety of electrochemical and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), such as sono (US), US/
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), direct/alternating current-electro-Fenton (DCEF / ACEF), and sono-direct/alternating
current-electro-Fenton (US + DCEF / US + ACEF) processes were compared in terms of their ability to remove a
certain percentage of color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from distillery industrial wastewater (DIW), as
well as their impact on the amount of power required to treat the wastewater. According to experimental
findings, the hybrid US + ACEF process produced complete color-100% and COD-100% removal efficiencies with
a lower power consumption of 3.40kWhr m− 3 than single like US, DCEF, ACEF processes, and hybrid US/H2O2
and US + DCEF processes. The consequences of significant operational parameters such as treatment time
(30–210 min), sonication power (20–100 W) current density (0.1–0.6A dm− 2
), pH (1–5), COD concentration
(1500–7500 mg L− 1
), inter-electrode distance (1–4 cm), H2O2 concentration (100–350 mg L− 1
), pulse duty cycle
(0.14–1.00) and combination of electrode (Al/Fe, Al/Al, Fe/Fe, Fe/Al) on the % COD removal efficiency and
power consumption of DIW were investigated by using hybrid US + ACEF process. The synergistic index and
water recovery between US and ACEF process were also investigated and reported in this work. When compared
to the other processes, the US + ACEF method is the most appropriate since it can be used effectively and
efficiently to remove pollutants from wastewater and industrial effluent.
