The Impact of Urban Expansion on the Livelihood of Peripheral Farming Household: The Case of Hadero Town, Kambata Tembaro Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

This study was done with the objective of examining the impacts of urbanization on the livelihood of prephrial farming households in Hadero Town from 1989 to 2019. Subjects of the study were 381 survey households, 16 focused group discussants and 8 interviewee. Explanatory research design with mixed research approach was employed. Questionnaire, interview, focused group discussion, field observation and remote sensing were used as the data collection tools. The quantitative data was analyzed by frequency, percentage, person correlation, binary logstic regression while qualitative data was analyzed descriptive narration. The finding of the study showed there was high status of urbanization in Hadero town that was ensured by remote sensing land use land cover change detection since built up area in 1989 was 80.73ha but it increased to 539.03ha in 2019.Additionally, descriptions of residents of Hadero town also confirmed exsistance of fast urbniztion. The causes of urbanization in study area were rural to urban migration due to prevalence of poverty, environmental degradation, food insecurity, lack of basic infrastructure services in rural area while employment opportunities, natural population increase and agglomeration of economy in urban area. Rapid urbanization increased built up areas by extremely reducing farm land which was the base of livelihood for peripheral farming households so that their livelihood change from rural livelihood to urban livelihood but all peripheral farming households unable to changed their livelihood from rural to urban immediately while education, helath , electcity and tellcomunication services improvements comes because of urbanization.Thus,urbanization positively and negatively impacted prephrial farming household’s livelihood in study area. Recommendation forwarded were in order to secure livelihood of peripheral farming households in Hadero town enough reintegration program should be designed for evicted farmers , peripheral farming households should pursuit alternative sources of income rather than agricultural products by adjusting themselves for newly urban livelihood.