Impacts of Urban Sprawl and Land Use Dynamics on Urban Fringes Agriculture and Land Surface Temperature: The Case of Woliso Area Oromia National Regional State

Abstract

This study explored the impact of urban sprawl and land use dynamics on urban fringes agriculture and LST from 1991 to 2021 in Woliso town of Oromia Regional State. The freely accessible Landsat satellite image data collection 2 level 1 (5 TM, 7 ETM+ and 8 OLI/ TIRS) of 1991, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016 and 2021 were used. LULC classification result of 1991 showed dominant LULC classes were agricultural land and forest. In 2021 agricultural land, grassland and forest significantly reduced. Conversely built-up and bare land showed drastic increment. The conversions of land from agriculture to built-up represent the most prominent land cover change due to urban sprawl. From 1991 to 2021 about 1186.47 hectares of agricultural land and 100.19 hectares of forest land were converted to built-up area. In contrary only minimal quantity of dry bare lands converted to built-up area showing rapid urbanization was consuming valuable land spaces. More large quantity of agricultural land was converted to eucalyptus tree plantation and khat (local name chaat) production showing the spectral reflectance band as forests. The size of total cultivable land significantly affected. The socio-economic impacts posed was more of pressing. The successive spatiotemporal Pattern of NDVI and NDBI also showed generally the presence of LULC transformation. Vegetation cover decreased at stepwise per study years. With the expression (1- NDVI) computed showed the existence of steady increment in built-up and barren land. Spatial distribution of mean LST showed incremental trend of 2.070C. Gradual increase of LST was found for all land covers over the study period irrespective of land cover type but the LST amplified at elevated rate in areas where the LULC classes were transformed to built-up and bare land. Finally, the regression analysis between LST and NDVI carried out for the selected LULC classes showed that relationship between LST and NDVI has a negative correlation. On the other hand, LST and NDBI showed strong positive linear correlation for all the years. The governmental and non-governmental bodies should give high attention for proper land-use management and socioeconomic effect of LULC change.