Abstract:
The phase change of all-inorganic cesium lead halide (CsPbI3
) thin film from yellow δ-phase
to black γ-/α-phase has been a topic of interest in the perovskite optoelectronics field. Here, the main
focus is how to secure a black perovskite phase by avoiding a yellow one. In this work, we fabricated
a self-doped CsPbI3
thin film by incorporating an excess cesium iodide (CsI) into the perovskite
precursor solution. Then, we studied the effect of organic additive such as 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO),
1-chloronaphthalene (CN), and 1,8-octanedithiol (ODT) on the optical, structural, and morphological
properties. Specifically, for elucidating the binary additive–solvent solution thermodynamics, we
employed the Flory–Huggins theory based on the oligomer level of additives’ molar mass. Resultantly,
we found that the miscibility of additive–solvent displaying an upper critical solution temperature
(UCST) behavior is in the sequence CN:DMF > ODT:DMF > DIO:DMF, the trends of which could be
similarly applied to DMSO. Finally, the self-doping strategy with additive engineering should help
fabricate a black γ-phase perovskite although the mixed phases of δ-CsPbI3
, γ-CsPbI3
, and Cs4PbI6
were observed under ambient conditions. However, the results may provide insight for the stability
of metastable γ-phase CsPbI3 at room temperature.
