Design the Mechanism of Detecting and Isolating Black Hole Attacks in AODV Routing Protocol of MANETs.

Abstract

The main goal of mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is the networking model to interconnect communicating devices in single or multi-hop without requiring any prior infrastructure and administrative support. These communication modalities use wireless technologies in the forms of radio waves which are used as short as Bluetooth or as long as deep-space radio communications. Routing protocols are the backbone of MANET to enable the routing under dynamic circumstances. Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol is the predominant reactive routing protocol designed for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). MANET is a self configuring network that is composed of several movable devices. Each and every node in the network range operates by itself during the communication with each other. Also, the ad hoc network is decentralized, with all mobile nodes functioning as routers and all wireless devices being interconnected within communication range. On the security issue describes that MANET is a wireless, autonomous, dynamic topology, infrastructure-less, multi-hop communication, low cost, and ease of deployment which consists of movable nodes. These are the main characteristics of MANET that make it vulnerable to various denials of service attacks such as black-hole, gray-hole, flooding, etc. MANET is suffered by security problem because of the following reasons: all signals go through bandwidth constrained wireless links in a MANET, which makes it more prone to physical security threats than fixed wired networks. One of the main problem attacks in the MANET is black-hole attack. Black-hole attack is a kind of denial of service attack which is active by nature. In AODV, black hole exploits the RREP feature of the AODV routing protocol. This malicious node sends RREP messages to the source node by falsely claiming the fresh route to the destination. And then drops all the packets pass through it. The proposed algorithm is evaluated with different performance metrics to analyze its detecting and isolating performance. NS-2.35 is a simulation tool used to implement and evaluate the result of the algorithm. The simulation result shows that our approach has better performance on the packet delivery ratio, end to end delay and throughput.