Indigenous Conflict Resolution Mechanisms: A Case of Tigo Gulla among Hadiya People of Soro Woreda, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regional State

Abstract

The study was conducted to understand and explore the indigenous mechanisms of conflict resolution among the Hadiya people in the case of Soro Woreda with particular emphasis on “Tigo Gulla’’ practice. In study area, among Hadiya people there are many indigenous conflict resolution mechanisms through which they have been maintaining their peace and stability. Even if indigenous conflict resolution mechanisms have great contribution to resolve conflicts among Hadiya People, its role didn’t address through researches. Tigo-gulla is one of an indigenous mechanism of conflict resolution that is used among the people of Hadiya to resolve conflicts that arise from homicide. It is a kind of blood price payment. The study has investigated the types and causes of conflicts in the study area, the types of indigenous mechanisms of conflict resolution, the rituals and the process of conflict resolution in ‘tigo-gulla’ and the role of ‘tigogulla’ in achieving long lasting peace in the communities. In investigating these issues, the study used a qualitative approach because the nature of the research questions requires the collection and analysis of in-depth qualitative data. Key-informant interviews, focus group discussions and case studies were conducted with different stakeholders to gather an in-depth qualitative data on the practice of ‘tigo-gulla’. The findings of this study indicate that “Tigo Gulla” has been successful in addressing conflicts in a long-lasting manner. The study concludes that even though it has its own challenges the indigenous institution of “Tigo Gulla’’ has some significant advantages over the formal institutions of conflict management. The indigenous institution of “tigo-gulla” avoids the recurrence of conflicts by declaring the disputing parties as families and by putting an obligation on them to frequently visit and support one another. The institution primarily focuses on restoring the broken social bond and social relationship with in the community instead of labeling, criminalizing and punishing an offender. The study also indicates that the institution has the acceptance of the local communities and the support of the local formal and legal institutions of conflict management. Therefore, it is the preferred route to resolving conflicts that emerge from homicide. Finally, the researcher recommends that the state creates a legal ground for the practice and promotion of ‘tigo-gulla’ as an integral institution of the Hadiya people.