Unlocking the potential of titanium and its alloys: A mini-review on innovative surface modification techniques

Abstract

Titanium and its alloys are widely utilized in various fields, such as biomedical and aerospace, and in other industrial applications. However, its surface modification is essential to further enrich its properties to enhance its effectiveness. Researchers across the globe are continuously workingonavarietyofsurfacemodificationmethodstoenhancethepropertiesoftitaniumanditsalloys.Thispaperpresentsacomprehensive review of surface modification methods utilized for titanium and its alloys. Some of the important modification techniques discussed in this paper includes mechanical, chemical, electrochemical, thermal, and physical surface modification methods. This paper also provides insights into surface modification methods in terms of improving corrosion and wear resistance, biocompatibility, and hardness of titanium and its alloys.