Abstract:
Objective: the aim of this study is to assess antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria
isolated from clinical specimen among children visiting Jimma university specialized hospital.
Methods and Materials:
Clinical samples were collected from children presented to Jimma university specialized hospital
from April 1, 2014-June 30, 2014 for infections in different systems. Culture and antimicrobial
susceptibility pattern of clinical isolates for commonly used antibiotics was done using standard
microbiologic techniques. Data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20 soft ware
and p value of < o.o5 was considered statistically significant.
Results
A total of 230 clinical specimen including: soft tissue abscess, eye discharge and body fluids
were analyzed and 72 bacteria were isolated(31.3%) with the highest percentage recovered from
soft tissue abscess (40.2%) followed by ear discharge (26.4%).From the total bacterial isolates
56(78%) were gram positive and staphylococcus aureus was the predominant isolate 47(65.3%)
followed by streptococci pneumonia 7(9.7%). Majority of isolates from soft tissue abscess were
staphylococcus aureus(86%).Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest organism cultured from
ear discharge 11(57.9%) followed by proteus 4(21.1%),klebsiella ,2(10.5%) and E.coli 1(5.3%).
Staphylococcus aureus showed high level of resistance for commonly used antibiotics:
ampicilline (89.4% ) , chloramphenicole(89.4%) ,gentamicin (74.5%),cloxacilline (55.3%) and
ceftriaxone(44.7%). Resistance rate for klepsella spp.was high for all antibiotics for which it
was tested i.e; 83 % for ampicilline,chloramphenicole,gentamicin and ceftriaxone. Streptococcus
pneumonia showed better susceptibility for most of the antibiotics for which it was tested:
chloramphenicole(14.3%),ampicilline(28.6%) and ceftriaxone (14.3%). There was no
statistically significant difference in staphylococcus aures susceptibility pattern between inpatients and out patient isolates (P -value.838) nor between naïve and antibiotic exposed isolates
(P -value.838).No statistically significant difference was found in staphylococcus aureus
susceptibility pattern among well nourished and malnourished children in this study.
Conclusion
High level of resistance was found for most of the commonly used antibiotics which mandates
culture and susceptibility before prescribing any antibiotics whenever possible.
