Abstract:
The combustion process in traditional cooking stove is non-ideal and favors incomplete
combustion. Incomplete and inefficient combustion produces significant quantities of fine
and ultra-fine particles which have more global warming potential than Carbon dioxide.
CO2
is among the GHGs which contributes large portion to the ever increasing global
warming, it is emitted from sources such as using biomass as fire wood. About 2.6 billion
people rely on traditional biomass for home cooking and heating, hence improving the
efficiency of household cook stoves can provide significant reduction in GHG emission.
Mirt stove is one of improved cook stove which is currently used for Injera baking and
heating needs in Ethiopia. The aim of this study is to pave the way for the development of
efficient and reliable improved mirt stove which can greatly mitigate the emission of carbon
by changing the current design and by providing information on the current distribution and
usage of stove. In this work experimental analysis as well as field survey is undertaken to
assess the impact of improved cook stove (mirt midija) and it has been found that total of
10,816 tons of CO2 is
saved annually and in terms of pure carbon the saving will be
approximated to be 2950 tons of carbon is saved annually.
Within this study Solid Works 2014 is used to model various geometries of mirt stove and a
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis has also been carried out for different newly
designed geometries of stove to analyze the heat flow behavior over the stove body during
the cooking period using CFD fluent 16 on Ansys.
After conducting the experiment on the conventional mirt stove the results for specific fuel
consumption is found to be 220g/kg in average. Analytically using surface temperature
measured and by considering each mode of heat transfer thermal efficiency is calculated and
found to be 25%. Then using CFD analysis done on the same conventional mirt stove it has
been found that the thermal efficiency is 34%. Finally for the newly designed stove with
improved geometrical model, the CFD analysis is being carried out and a significant
improvement on performance is obtained which is estimated to be 48.3% of thermal
efficiency.
