Abstract:
Buckling is instability of equilibrium in structure that occurs from compressive load. Buckling
occurs mainly in members subjected to compressive forces.When the applied loading is
increased, the buckling deformation also increases. If the member has high bending stiffness, its
buckling resistance is high. Buckling resistance is different in different materials.
Fire is one of the serious potential risks to most buildings and structures. The supporting
columns to a building play a critical role in its stability under fire conditions. In most of
developed countries progress in the field of theoretical prediction of fire resistance has been
rapid in recent years. Even though Ethiopian construction industry is booming, few have been
done regarding both buckling and fire resistance and the relationship between them. Ethiopian
building design code also have few statements about fire resistance, most of design were done
without considering fire or heat effects.
The general objective of the study is to compare the buckling resistance, fire resistance of steel concrete composite column, structural steel and reinforced concrete columns.
The focus of the study would be braced simply support columns. Symmetrical I section structural
steel sections columns; fully and partially encased steel-concrete composite column and
rectangular reinforced concrete column under pure axial load were considered. The research
analyzes columns for buckling resistance, at normal and fire conditions. And compare them.
Based on the analysis steel-concrete composite columns have higher fire resistance and buckling
resistance. Even if composite members are not usually used in Ethiopia, Engineers should have
tried to use these members for better structural durability and safety.
