Abstract:
Background: The use of highly Active antiretroviral treatment is beneficial to suppress human
immune virus replication in infected individuals. However, dyslipidemia and other metabolic
abnormalities have emerged as a result of highly active antiretroviral treatment. The prevalence
of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents on antiretroviral treatment varies from 20% to 70%.
The lack of children and adolescents data in the study area and the country is the base to
conduct this study.
Objectives: Was to determine the association of antiretroviral treatment induced dyslipidemia
versus nutritional status of children and adolescents on follow-up at Jimma medical center from
June 20 to October 10, 2022.
Materials and method: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 children
and adolescents on follow-up of Jimma medical center. A systematic sampling technique was
employed. A structured interview was carried out to collect socioeconomic and demographic
characteristics, and a careful review of medical record was carried out to collect patients’
clinical data. Anthropometric data were computed using CDC growth chart for 2-20 ages. About
3-5ml of non-fasting venous blood was collected to measure the total cholesterol, high density
lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride. Multivariable logistic
regression was performed to find the association between risk factors and lipid profile.
Result: The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia in this study was 72%. About 72% and 21.3% of
study subjects had abnormal low HDL-C and high triglyceride respectively. In multivariable
logistic regression, significant associations were observed in BMI for age (AOR 2.02 95% CI:
1.14-3.66; P=0.015) with abnormal low HDL-C, long treatment duration (AOR 1.02 95% CI:
1.00-1.03; P=0.01) with high triglyceride, BMI for age (AOR 1.86 95% CI: 1.03-1.37; P=0.04)
with high triglyceride and parent’s educational level with non-dyslipidemia.
Conclusion and recommendation: It is recommended that monitoring of lipid profiles should be
part of clinical follow up for children and adolescents on treatment at JMC with continued
nutritional status assessment.
