Abstract:
Background: Renal function impairment is defined as the occurrence of elevated levels of
protein or albumin in the urine or an elevation in serum creatinine. It is associated with an
increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV positive individuals than in the general
population. Identification of factors associated with renal function impairment is important in
order to institute appropriate interventions for the purpose of renal function status.
Objective: The main aim of this study is to assess the magnitude of renal function impairment
and its associated factors among adult HIV positive attending ART clinic in Mettu Karl Referral
Hospital, Mettu town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020.
Methods: Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 8-
May 20, 2020. Systematic sampling technique was employed to select 359 study participants.
Data was collected by face to face interview using pretested structured questionnaire. Serum
creatinine was calculated as an estimate of renal function (eGFR) using chronic kidney disease
epidemiological collaboration equation. Weight and height was measured using portable Seca
digital floor and Seca measuring rod respectively. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the
data depending on its nature. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used
and variables with P≤ 0.25 in bivariable analysis were entered into the multivariable logistic
regression. Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR) with 95 % Confidence interval was estimated to identify
the predictors of renal function impairment. The statistical significance was declared at p-value
of less than 0.05. The finding of the study was displayed by using tables and graphs.
Result: A total of three hundred and fifty two HIV infected patients participated in this study
with response rate of 98.1%. Out of 352 HIV patients on ART, 73 (20.7%) were found to have
renal function impairment. Smoking cigarette [AOR= 8.48, 95% CI: 4.60-15.64], Diabetes
mellitus [AOR= 4.29, 95% CI: 2.28-8.09], Hypertension [AOR= 2.13, 95% CI: 1.06-4.29] and
low CD4 count [AOR=4.31, 95% CI: 2.49-7.44] were found to be independent predictors of
renal function impairment among adult HIV positive patients.
Conclusion: The prevalence of renal function impairment among HIV patients on ART is high.
Hypertension, diabetes, Smoking cigarette and low CD4 count were associated factors of renal
function impairment
