Abstract:
Batteries are the primary energy-storage devices in
application of electric vehicles. Battery fed electric drives are
commonly being used for electric vehicles applications, due to
various advantages, such as: approximately zero emission,
definite load leveling, best transient operation and energy
recovery during braking operation. To fulfill these
requirements converters with bidirectional power flow
capabilities are required to connect the accumulator (battery)
to the dc link of the motor drive system. Battery fed electric
vehicles is required to function in three different modes
namely: acceleration mode, normal and braking mode. During
acceleration and normal modes, the power flow is from battery
to motor whereas during braking or regenerative mode the
kinetic energy of the motor is converted into electrical energy
and fed back to battery. The DC-DC converter is required to
perform mainly two functions: first to match the battery
voltage to the motor rated voltage and second to control the
power flow under steady-state and transient conditions, so that
the drive performance is as per the requirement. The proposed
controller is adaptive PI controller for bi-directional dc-dc
converter feeding a dc motor and its energy recovery due to
regenerative braking has been demonstrated. The simulation
and performance analysis of battery-operated electric vehicle
under different drive condition are also presented through
MATLAB/Simulink.
