Abstract:
Background: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS), which includes unstable angina and
myocardial infarction (MI) with or without ST-segment elevation, are potentially lifethreatening cardiac conditions that remain a source of high morbidity and mortality despite
advances in treatment. The burden of death is disproportionately higher in developing
countries such as Ethiopia. However, information regarding treatment outcome remains
limited.
Objectives: To assess the treatment outcome of acute coronary syndrome and its associated
factors among patients attending medical inpatient ward of Jimma University Medical Center,
Jimma, Ethiopia from November 1st, 2017 to October 31st, 2022
Methods: A hospital based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among
consecutive patients with acute coronary syndromes who were admitted to Jimma University
Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia from November 1st, 2017 to October 31st, 2022. Data was
collected using a structured checklist. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26.
Descriptive analysis was employed to summarize baseline characteristics and determine
treatment outcome. Bivariable and multivariable regression analyses were employed to
determine factors affecting poor treatment outcome. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence
interval (CI) was computed, and a p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Texts, tables and
figures were used to present the results.
Result: A total of 300 ACS patients were evaluated. , around forty seven (47.3%) had a
STEMI diagnosis. The mean age of the patients was 56.41 (SD± 14.8.) years. The average
duration of hospitalization was 9.86 days [SD ± 7.64].Around sixty-one (61.67%) patients
had a history of hypertension, which was the main risk factor for the development of ACS.
Most patients had Killip class I (43.36%) at presentation. Cardiogenic shock and Left
ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVEF<30%) were independent predictors of in hospital
mortality.
Conclusion: Our finding suggests most patients had STEMI as their primary diagnosis. The
two main outcome predictors were congestive heart failure and cardiogenic shock.
