Abstract:
Making efficient use of the battery became an important task for extending the WSN lifetime and
minimizing energy conception. A greater number of routing protocols for better data routing in
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have recently been discovered, and clustering-based protocols
have been demonstrated as one of the most effective techniques for extending network lifetime.
The LEACH (low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy) protocol is one of the best clustering
technique. However, this protocol has drawbacks, particularly during the setup phase when CH is
chosen. Some of the clustering techniques in WSN are designed only to reduce overall energy
consumption in the network and increase the network lifetime. These algorithms achieve increased
lifetime, but at the cost of overloading individual sensor nodes. Load balancing among the nodes
in the network is also equally important in achieving increased lifetime. First Node Die (FND),
Half Node Die (HND), and Last Node Die (LND) are the different metrics for analyzing lifetime
of the network.
Thus, the main aim of this work was to extend the lifetime of WSNs as all and to increase FND,
HND, and LND which increases both the stability period and lifetime of the network. By deals
with the issue of CHs selection, which results in energy consumption among sensor nodes. To
enhance LEACH by improving the setup phase so that CHs are selected using a Genetic Algorithm
based on their relative proximity to the BS, larger residual energy, and higher density. Cluster
members are than chosen based on how far away from the selected CHs. Additionally, since each
CH sends data to another CH that is closer to the base station BS, a method is adopted to solve
overlap data forwarding. The performance of the proposed clustering technique was compared
using Matlab simulation with that of LEACH approach. Simulation results confirm that the
proposed clustering technique exhibits better performance in comparison with LEACH and
improves WSN lifetime, and energy efficiency
