Energy Efficient Optimal Cluster Head Selection for Wireless Sensor Network By: Fetiya Mohammed (BSc.)

Abstract

Making efficient use of the battery became an important task for extending the WSN lifetime and minimizing energy conception. A greater number of routing protocols for better data routing in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have recently been discovered, and clustering-based protocols have been demonstrated as one of the most effective techniques for extending network lifetime. The LEACH (low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy) protocol is one of the best clustering technique. However, this protocol has drawbacks, particularly during the setup phase when CH is chosen. Some of the clustering techniques in WSN are designed only to reduce overall energy consumption in the network and increase the network lifetime. These algorithms achieve increased lifetime, but at the cost of overloading individual sensor nodes. Load balancing among the nodes in the network is also equally important in achieving increased lifetime. First Node Die (FND), Half Node Die (HND), and Last Node Die (LND) are the different metrics for analyzing lifetime of the network. Thus, the main aim of this work was to extend the lifetime of WSNs as all and to increase FND, HND, and LND which increases both the stability period and lifetime of the network. By deals with the issue of CHs selection, which results in energy consumption among sensor nodes. To enhance LEACH by improving the setup phase so that CHs are selected using a Genetic Algorithm based on their relative proximity to the BS, larger residual energy, and higher density. Cluster members are than chosen based on how far away from the selected CHs. Additionally, since each CH sends data to another CH that is closer to the base station BS, a method is adopted to solve overlap data forwarding. The performance of the proposed clustering technique was compared using Matlab simulation with that of LEACH approach. Simulation results confirm that the proposed clustering technique exhibits better performance in comparison with LEACH and improves WSN lifetime, and energy efficiency