Livelihood Challenges And Adaptation Strategies Of Resettlee Households, In Didessa Woreda.Resettlement Site, Buno Bedele Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess livelihoods challenges and livelihood adaptation strategies of the resettlee households in Didessa woreda, with an emphasis on resettlement site. The researcher employed concurrent triangulation design in current study. The study employed with cross-sectional study design phase of data collection. Multiple stages random sampling technique was employed to identify and the respondents. In the first stage of sampling, the two kebele were selected purposively from four settlement sites .In the second stage of sampling, systematic proportional to size sampling technique was applied to each kebele and 113 samples, households were drawn from these based on the proportion of the population size. Data were generated both from primary and secondary sources. Quantitative data were gathered through questionnaire and Qualitative data were collected via in-depth interview, key informant interview, observation and focus group discussion. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical tools such as mean, percentage, standard deviation. Inferential statistics Binary logistic regression was conducted to identify factors affecting livelihood adaptation strategies of the households. The descriptive result reveals that about 74.1% of the respondents livelihood strategies involved only farming that comprised crop and livestock production while (20.4%)of the respondents involved on non-farming, only 4.4% replied that engaged with combination of both farming and non-farming as their livelihood strategies. The study also showed that the resettlee face several challenges such as reduced access to land, un employment, migration, population growth, absence of credit services, and limited access to safe and clean water. Adaptation strategies adopted by the households includes migration, petty trade, daily labor; labor sharing and sell of small animals are the major adaptation strategies in the study area. The Binary logistic regression result revealed, with respect to the households livelihood adaptation strategies were affected positively by sex, age, education, family size, landholding, livestock ownership, lack of credit services and un-employment. The study conclude that households livelihood adaptation strategies were influenced by socio-economic, demographic and institutional factors are making it difficult to rebuild their livelihood was emphasized during interviews and affected the adaptation strategies of households in areas.Thus,their adaptation strategies needs to be supported by institutional services. Moreover, supporting household, promoting awareness on sex and age, creating education opportunities, offering credit and extension services for less landholding, livestock ownership, family size and un- employment. Finally this help households to change livelihood adaptation strategies. The study recommends that government should establish small scale industries in rural area. These small industries should provide market, creatawareness, enhancing elder farmer knowledge, employment opportunity. Hence the livelihood will improve at the same will control mobility. Expanding non-farm opportunities in rural areas outside of agriculture also help to reduce the migration of rural dwellers to the cities, and to slow the spread of urban congestion.