Abstract:
Biodiesel is simply the monoalkyl esters of vegetable oils, animal fats, or cooking grease .The
majority of energy demand is met by conventional fuels, but they are depleting at an alarming
rate. However, researchers have only focused on energy source production which has resulted
in developing high erucic acid varieties. This results partly in limited studies on synthesis of
biodiesel from Bracissa Carinata A.Braun. The adoption and scaling-up of this promising crop
as an oilseed crop in developing countries and Mediterranean conditions can sustain the impact
of climate change with the demand for food and energy debate concepts. This study paper
assesses the seed of Bracissa Carinata A.Braun was utilized for characterization, optimization,
fatty acid composition analysis of the seed and oil extraction. The Gomenzer seed was extracted
by using normal hexane (62—78°C) by Soxhlet apparatus.The result showed that the seed kernels
consisted of: 12% (w/w) oil, moisture. After optimization using Design-Expert has been carried
out, optimal conditions of temperature (70-80℃), methanol to oil ratio (12:1), and (1:3) catalyst
concentration have been obtained and an oil yield of 97.65% by wt. was found. After the optimum
values have been obtained, an experiment has been conducted and an oil yield of 98.166% by wt.
was found which is closely in agreement with the result obtained from the model and the
experimental observation and hence validated the findings of the optimization. Physicochemical
characterization of the optimized oil yield revealed that it has the following most important
properties: moisture (0.154% w/w), kinematic viscosity (40.8116mm2) at 40℃, specific gravity
(196) at 40℃, density (882.1kg/m3) at 40℃, free fatty acid value (0.00123 % by wt.),
saponification value (182.325 mg KOH g-1 oil), iodine value (84.389 g I2/100 g), From the Gas
chromatography analysis result of Gomenzer oil showed that the presence of the following major
fatty acids: Erucic acid (0.360%),Palmitic acid (0.0171%), Oleic acid(0.393%),Stearic
acid(0.0222%),Linoleic acid (1.339%), Linolenic acid (0.104%), Myristic acid
(2.257%).Generally this Paper presents the results of an engine test, characterization of
Gomenzer seed, optimization of biodiesel with Physicochemical characterization of the optimized
oil yield . Therefore biodiesel can use as an alternative fuel for diesel engine .The diesel-biodiesel
fuel can improve combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engine
