Sero Epidemiological Study of Infectious Bursal Disease in Backyard Chicken Production in Waliso District, South Western Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) has been a great challenge to the poultry industry world-wide for a long time and has a major setback to productivity and profitability in the poultry industries of developing nations including Ethiopia. A cross sectional study on infectious bursal disease was conducted in apparently healthy back yard chickens of 6 selected kebeles located at Waliso district from November, 2018 to October, 2019. A total of 282 serum samples were collected from randomly selected village chickens to estimate seroprevalence of IBD infection for household respondents were used to determine chickens management practices associated with IBD. Simple random sampling method was used to t individual chicken at household level. Household respondent perception on IBD was gathered using a semi-structured questionnaire. Serological task was conducted at the laboratory of NAHDIC Sebeta. Out of 282 serum samples tested 224 were positive for Ab against IBDV using indirect ELISA technique and the overall prevalence of IBD in the study area was found to be 79.43 (%). Relatively Higher prevalence was observed in chickens farms kept by illiterate persons 88(%) than in educated one.A statistically difference was found in the prevalence of IBD among study sites (P<0.01), household chicken keeping experience (p<0.05), flock size, age chicken age (p<0.01) and some hygienic management practice (p<0.01). Majority study kebeles Except Bedesa Koricha Chicken keeping Experience less than 4 years, village chickens with large flock size, chickens aged less than 4 weeks and poor hygienic managements were associated with increased risk of IBD exposure. However, the association between seroprevalence of IBD and frequency of chicken house cleaning, household Age and education level, sick chicken isolation practice and the sex of chicken was not significant (p>0.05). Therefore, community training should be given on improved chicken health management practices. A further study is important on the characterization of virus strains