Sero-prevalence and risk factors of peste des petits ruminants (ppr) in selected districts of buno-bedele zone, southwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a highly infectious epizootic disease of small ruminants that cause high mortality and has become an increasingly important trans-boundary disease. PPR is endemic in Africa, Middle East and Asian countries and causes an economic and social disaster, and ultimately is a threat to the national food security. Therefore, crosssectional study was conductedto determine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of peste des petits ruminants‟ virus infection (PPRV) in the selected districts of Buno Bedele zone of Oromia from October 2018 to August 2019. For the purpose a total of 680 (414 Goat and 266 sheep) serum samples were collected. These samples were subjected for PPR competitive ELISA test. In addition, questionnaires were administered to 124 households to collect information on risk factors associated with the presence of the disease. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were performed in SPSS at 95% confidence level to determine the presence disease. The study revealed that animal and flock level seroprevalence of PPR were 4.7% and 24.2% respectively. The overall seroprevalences of PPR recorded were 5.9%, 4.2% and 3.6% for Bedele, Borecha and Chewakadistricts, respectively. Based on the result of multivariable logistic regression analysis,introduction of newly purchased goat into a flock were 3.75 times more likely getting risk of PPR infection when compared with households which keep goats born at home (OR=3.75, P= 0.034), similarly goats which were kept in communal land for grazing were found to be 2.65 times more likely to be affected when compared with those goats kept under private (tethered) grazers (OR= 2.65, P=0.033).When we combine the result of sheep and goats all together, the odds of caprine were 2.37(95%CI=1.16-6.60, P=0.046) times more likelyto be seropositive than ovine species and grazing system(P=0.010), the odds of getting the risk of PPR infection from animals sampled from the communal grazing system was 3.34 times more than animals sampled from private (tethered) grazer (OR 3.34(95%CI=1.49-7.6). It was concluded that, the establishment of early warning system and proper implementation of control measures are neededto improve sheep and goat production.